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Amen Was Born Again as Jesus

Declaration of affirmation institute in religion

Amen (Hebrew: אָמֵן, ʾāmēn ; Ancient Greek: ἀμήν, amên ; Arabic: آمین, āmēn ; Aramaic/Classical Syriac: ܐܡܝܢ, 'amīn )[1] is an Abrahamic declaration of affirmation[2] get-go found in the Hebrew Bible, and subsequently in the New Testament.[iii] It is used in Jewish, Christian and Islamic worship, equally a concluding word, or as a response to a prayer.[2] Common English language translations of the discussion amen include "verily", "truly", "information technology is truthful", and "let it be then".[iv] [5] Information technology is as well used colloquially, to limited strong agreement.[2]

Pronunciations [edit]

In English, the discussion amen has two primary pronunciations, ah-MEN (/ɑːˈmɛn/) or ay-MEN (/eɪˈmɛn/),[6] with minor additional variation in emphasis (e.g., the two syllables may exist equally stressed instead of placing primary stress on the second). In Anglophone N American usage, the ah-men pronunciation is used in performances of classical music and in churches with more than formalized rituals and liturgy.

The ay-men pronunciation is a product of the Great Vowel Shift (i.e., information technology dates from the 15th century); it is associated with Irish gaelic Protestantism and with conservative evangelical denominations mostly. It is also the pronunciation typically used in gospel music.[7]

Etymology [edit]

Amen is a word of Biblical Hebrew origin.[viii] The discussion originated in the Hebrew Scriptures, as a confirmatory response; it is found in Deuteronomy every bit a confirmatory response made by the people.[9] Moreover, in the Books of Chronicles (16:36), it is indicated that around k BC, the give-and-take was used in its religious sense, with the people responding "Amen" upon hearing the blessing, "Blessed be the Lord God of State of israel from now and unto all eternity".[ix] The basic triconsonantal root from which the word is derived, is mutual to a number of languages in the Semitic co-operative of the Afroasiatic languages, including biblical Aramaic. The give-and-take was imported into Greek from the Judaism of the early Church building.[3] [10] From Greek, amen entered other European languages. According to a standard dictionary etymology of the English give-and-take, amen passed from Greek into Belatedly Latin, and thence into English.[11] Rabbinic scholars from medieval French republic[ description needed ] believed the standard Hebrew word for faith emuna comes from the root amen. every bit they are both from the root aleph-mem-nun. That is, the Hebrew word amen was thus etymologically derived from the same triliteral Hebrew root equally does the verb ʾāmán.[12]

Grammarians ofttimes list ʾāmán under its iii consonants (aleph-mem-nun), which are identical to those of ʾāmēn (notation that the Hebrew letter א aleph represents a glottal finish audio, which functions equally a consonant in the morphology of Hebrew).[xi] The meanings of the triliteral root in Hebrew include to be house or confirmed, to be reliable or dependable, to be faithful, to take faith, to believe.

From Hebrew, the word was later on adopted into the Arabic religious vocabulary and leveled to the Arabic root ء م ن , which is of like meanings to the Hebrew. The interjection occurs in the Christian and Islamic lexicons, nigh commonly in prayer, as well every bit secularly, albeit less commonly, so as to signify complete affidavit or deference. In religious texts, it occurs in Arabic translations of the Bible and after reciting the traditionally beginning chapter of the Quran, which is formally akin to religious supplications.

Popular amid some theosophists,[13] proponents of Afrocentric theories of history,[14] and adherents of esoteric Christianity[15] is the conjecture that amen is a derivative of the name of the Egyptian god Amun (which is sometimes as well spelled Amen). Some adherents of Eastern religions believe that amen shares roots with the Hindu Sanskrit word Aum.[16] [17] [xviii] [19] Such external etymologies are not included in standard etymological reference works. The Hebrew word, as noted above, starts with aleph, while the Egyptian proper noun begins with a yodh.[xx]

In French, the Hebrew word amen is sometimes translated every bit Ainsi soit-il, which ways "So exist it."[21]

The linguist Ghil'ad Zuckermann argues that, every bit in the case of Hallelujah, the word amen is usually not replaced past a translation due to the speakers' belief in iconicity, their perception that in that location is something intrinsic about the relationship betwixt the sound of the signifier (the word) and what it signifies (its meaning).[22] : 62

Hebrew Bible [edit]

The word occurs in the Hebrew Bible 30 times; in Deuteronomy alone 12 times beginning at 27:15. The stock-still phrase 'Amen, Amen' is seen five times – Psalm 41:13; 72:xix; 89:52; Numbers five:22; Nehemiah eight:6. It is translated as 'of truth' two times in Isaiah 65:16. Three distinct Biblical usages of amen may be noted:[iii]

  1. Initial amen, referring back to words of another speaker and introducing an affirmative sentence, e.g. 1 Kings one:36.[3]
  2. Discrete amen, again referring to the words of some other speaker but without a complementary affirmative sentence, east.one thousand. Nehemiah v:13.[3]
  3. Final amen, with no change of speaker, as in the subscription to the outset three divisions of Psalms.[3]

New Testament [edit]

In the New Testament, the Greek word ἀμήν is used as an expression of organized religion or as a role of a liturgical formula.[5] Information technology also may appear every bit an introductory word, especially in sayings of Jesus. Different the initial amen in Hebrew, which refers back to something already said, information technology is used past Jesus to emphasize what he is about to say (ἀμὴν λέγω, "truly I say to you"),[23] a rhetorical device that has no parallel in contemporary Jewish practice.[24] Raymond Brown says that Jesus'southward peculiar and authentic reminiscent use of amen in the Fourth Gospel is an affirmation that what he is about to say is an repeat from the Male parent.[25] The word occurs 52 times in the Synoptic Gospels; the Gospel of John has 25.[26]

In the Rex James Bible, the word amen is seen in a number of contexts. Notable ones include:

  • The catechism of curses of the Law found in Deuteronomy 27.[3]
  • A double amen ("amen and amen") occurs in Psalm 89 (Psalm 41:thirteen; 72:19; 89:52), to confirm the words and invoke the fulfillment of them.[27]
  • Amen occurs in several doxology formulas in Romans i:25, 9:5, xi:36, 15:33, and several times in Chapter 16.[3] Information technology also appears in doxologies in the Psalms (41:14; 72:nineteen; 89:53; 106:48). This liturgical form from Judaism.[28]
  • It concludes all of Paul's full general epistles.
  • In Revelation iii:14, Jesus is referred to as, "the Amen, the true-blue and true witness, the showtime of God's creation." The whole passage reads as "And unto the angel of the church building of the Laodiceans write; These things saith the Amen, the faithful and truthful witness, the beginning of the creation of God".
  • Amen concludes the last book of the New Testament, at Rev. 22:21.

Congregational use [edit]

Judaism [edit]

Although amen, in Judaism, is usually used as a response to a blessing, it also is often used by Hebrew speakers equally an affirmation of other forms of announcement (including outside of religious context).

Jewish rabbinical law requires an individual to say amen in a variety of contexts.[29] [30] [31] With the rise of the synagogue during the Second Temple menstruation, amen became a mutual response, especially to benedictions. It is recited communally to assert a approval made past the prayer reader. Information technology is also mandated as a response during the kaddish doxology. The congregation is sometimes prompted to answer "amen" past the terms ve-'imru (Hebrew: ואמרו) = "and [at present] say (pl.)," or, ve-nomar (ונאמר) = "and nosotros will say." Contemporary usage reflects ancient practice: As early as the quaternary century BCE, Jews assembled in the Temple responded "amen" at the close of a doxology or other prayer uttered by a priest. This Jewish liturgical use of amen was adopted by the Christians.[24] But Jewish law as well requires individuals to answer amen whenever they hear a blessing recited, even in a non-liturgical setting.

The Talmud teaches homiletically that the discussion amen is an acronym for אל מלך נאמן ( ʾEl melekh neʾeman , "God, trustworthy Rex"),[32] the phrase recited silently by an individual earlier reciting the Shma.

Jews usually approximate the Hebrew pronunciation of the word: ah-MEN (Israeli-Ashkenazi and Sephardi) or aw-MAYN (non-Israeli Ashkenazi).[33]

Christianity [edit]

The use of "amen" has been generally adopted in Christian worship as a concluding discussion[34] for prayers and hymns and an expression of stiff agreement.[24] The liturgical use of the word in apostolic times is attested by the passage from 1 Corinthians cited above, and Justin Martyr (c. 150) describes the congregation every bit responding "amen" to the benediction after the commemoration of the Eucharist.[3] [34] Its introduction into the baptismal formula (in the Eastern Orthodox Church information technology is pronounced later the name of each person of the Trinity) was probably later.[35] [34]

In Isaiah 65:xvi, the authorized version has "the God of truth" ("the God of amen" in Hebrew). Jesus frequently used amen to put emphasis to his own words (translated: "verily" or "truly"). In John's Gospel, it is repeated, "Verily, verily" (or "Truly, truly"). Amen is also used in oaths (Numbers v:22; Deuteronomy 27:15–26; Nehemiah v:13; 8:half dozen; ane Chronicles 16:36) and is farther found at the terminate of the prayer of primitive churches (ane Corinthians 14:16).[27]

In some Christian churches, the "amen corner" or "amen section" is any subset of the congregation likely to call out "Amen!" in response to points in a preacher's sermon.[36] Metaphorically, the term tin refer to whatever group of heartfelt traditionalists or supporters of an potency figure.

Amen is as well used in standard, international French, but in Cajun French Ainsi soit-il ("so exist information technology") is used instead.

Amen is used at the stop of the Lord's Prayer,[37] which is also called the Our Male parent or the Pater Noster.

Islam [edit]

ʾĀmīn (Arabic: آمين) is the Arabic form of Amen. In Islam, it is used with the same meaning as in Judaism and Christianity; when concluding a prayer, especially after a supplication (du'a) or reciting the first surah Al Fatiha of the Qur'an, as in prayer (salat), and every bit an assent to the prayers of others.[38] [39]

Arabic dictionaries ascertain ʾāmīn as an imperative verbal noun, whose meaning is reply or reply (i.e., imploring God to grant ane's prayer). Therefore, it is strictly used every bit a final amen to conclude supplications or to declare affirmation, and has no initial amen usage with the pregnant of truly or certainly.

Run into also [edit]

  • Selah
  • Svaha
  • And then mote it be

References [edit]

  1. ^ Payne Smith, Robert (1879). Thesaurus Syriacus. Oxford: The Calerndon Press. p. 118.
  2. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. "amen". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved 20 August 2007.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Thurston, Herbert (1907). "Amen". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. i. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  4. ^ "Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, An Intermediate Greek-English language Lexicon, ἀμήν". www.perseus.tufts.edu . Retrieved 6 Jan 2021.
  5. ^ a b Danker, Frederick West.; Bauer, Walter; Arndt, William F. (2000). "ἀμήν". A Greek-English lexicon of the New Testament and other early Christian literature (3rd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Printing. ISBN0-226-03933-1. OCLC 43615529.
  6. ^ "amen - definition of amen in English by Oxford Dictionaries". oxforddictionaries.com . Retrieved 2 September 2015.
  7. ^ "Two Means of Pronouncing 'Amen'".
  8. ^ Paul Joüon, SJ, A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew, trans. and revised past T. Muraoka, vol. I, Rome: Editrice Pontificio Instituto Biblico, 2000.
  9. ^ a b Understanding Your Neighbor'due south Organized religion, Philip Lazowski, (KTAV), 2004, p. 43
  10. ^ "Amen". Jewish Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on sixteen February 2008. Retrieved 19 Feb 2008.
  11. ^ a b "Amen". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 21 Apr 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-26 .
  12. ^ "King James Bible Strong'southward Hebrew Dictionary". Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Retrieved 26 February 2008.
  13. ^ "Collation of Theosophical Glossaries – Amen". Archived from the original on 15 March 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2008.
  14. ^ "Origin of Amen". xiv July 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
  15. ^ "Amen". The Assembly of IaHUShUA MaShIaChaH. xv December 2005. Archived from the original on 6 February 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2008.
  16. ^ Yogananda, Paramahansa. Autobiography of a Yoga, 1946, chapter 26.
  17. ^ Sri H.West.L Poonja, 'The Truth is', Published by Samuel Weiser, 2000, ISBN 1-57863-175-0
  18. ^ Mandala Yoga Archived 22 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine
  19. ^ "Hindu Culture – Omkar and Swastika". hindubooks.org. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
  20. ^ Erman, Adolf & Grapow, Hermann: Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Im Auftrage der Deutschen Akademien, Berlin: Akademie Verlag (1971), p. 85
  21. ^ "Amen: Backside the word and significant". ASH. 12 August 2018. Retrieved 27 Feb 2019.
  22. ^ Zuckermann, Ghil'advertising (2003), Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1403917232, 978-1403938695 [1]
  23. ^ "Strong's Greek: 281. ἀμήν (amén) -- truly". biblehub.com . Retrieved six January 2021.
  24. ^ a b c Amen. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Retrieved 17 March 2008.
  25. ^ Raymond Brown, The Gospel According to John Vol 1, Anchor Bible Dictionary, folio 84
  26. ^ "Amen", Encyclopedia Biblica
  27. ^ a b "Bible Dictionary: Amen". eastonsbibledictionary.com . Retrieved two September 2015.
  28. ^ cf. John 50. McKenzie, SJ, "Dictionary of the Bible", New York: MacMillan Publ. Co., Inc., 1965. Entry: "Amen," (p. 25)
  29. ^ Orach Chaim 56 (amen in kaddish)
  30. ^ O.C. 124 (amen in response to blessings recited past the prayer reader)
  31. ^ O.C. 215 (amen in response to blessings made past whatever individual exterior of the liturgy)
  32. ^ Tractate Shabbat 119b and Tractate Sanhedrin 111a
  33. ^ To Pray every bit a Jew: A Guide to the Prayer Book and the Synagogue Service, Hayim Halevy Donin
  34. ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Amen". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. ane (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 804.
  35. ^ Amidst certain Gnostic sects, Amen became the proper noun of an angel.
  36. ^ Hovda, Robert West. (1983). "The amen corner". Worship. 57 (2): 150–156.
  37. ^ Wycliffe. "Matthew six:9–xv". Wycliffe Bible.
  38. ^ Hastings, James (2004) [1901]. A Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels: Volume I. The Minerva Group, Inc. p. 52.
  39. ^ Glassé, Cyril (2003). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Stacey International. p. 48. ISBN978-0759101906.

Further reading [edit]

  • Schnitker, Thaddeus A. "Amen." In The Encyclopedia of Christianity, edited by Erwin Fahlbusch and Geoffrey William Bromiley, 43–44. Vol. 1. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1999. ISBN 0802824137

External links [edit]

  • "Amen" from the Catechism of the Catholic Church
  • Potent's Cyclopedia H543
  • Strong'southward Concordance G281

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amen

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